A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF THE LAWS OF ZAKAT AND CHARITY IN THE QURAN AND THE BIBLE

قرآن و بائبل میں قانون زکوٰۃ و خیرات کا تقابلی جائزہ

Abstract

Abstract:

The Orientalists have also raised an objection regarding the Qur’an, claiming that it is derived from the Bible and is not the Word of God but rather a composition of the Prophet of Islam (peace be upon him). The Torah, Psalms, Gospel, and the Qur’an are all divine scriptures revealed by Allah. However, historical research and evidence establish that the Torah, Psalms, and Gospel did not remain محفوظ from the changes and distortions of time. Human speech can never, in any way, compete with divine revelation. If, as the Orientalists claim, the Qur’an were a human composition, then it is certain that it could never surpass divine speech. Their second objection—that the Qur’an is derived from the Bible—is also baseless. This is because the Qur’anic system of Zakāt is not only superior to that of the Bible but is also perfectly aligned with human nature. Moreover, if the Qur’an had been derived from the Bible, it could never have surpassed it in any aspect. Allah Almighty created human beings and also provided the means for their guidance. Divine revelation (Wahy) is the essential source of human guidance. In today’s modern world, where various religions exist and all claim to provide a social system, it becomes evident—clear as daylight—that Islam alone is the religion in complete harmony with human nature (Dīn al-Fiṭrah). Allah created mankind and granted abundance of sustenance to some while limiting it for others. Among humanity, there are both rich and poor, and both states are a test. Wealth may lead a person towards arrogance and miserliness, while poverty may push one towards sin and moral corruption. When we compare the Biblical system of tithing (giving one-tenth) with the Qur’anic system of Zakāt, it becomes evident—beyond any doubt—that the Qur’anic system holds superiority. The Qur’anic model embodies beauty, balance, and refinement, along with a comprehensive approach to social welfare, economic reform, true prosperity, character-building, and a harmonious integration of social and economic systems—qualities that are not found in the Biblical system of tithing.